Flying-machine.



I. PHEATKA.

FLYING MASHINE.

APPLICATION mm mm. 30. me.

IN PEN TOR J. PRfiATKA. FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAI'I- 30.19M-

Patented My 21,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1. PREATKA.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICAHGN FILED AR. 30. 9H3.

Patented May 21, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 mam: v

. W W wim nq if u UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

108m PBEA'I'KA, NEW YORK, I. f.

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n m y 1,253,986, Ipwlflmflonof Letters Patent. Patented May 21, 1918.Application filed men so, 191a. em Ho. 22mm. To all whom it may 00:10am.In the drawings, the numeral. indicates Be it known that I, Josnrn PKmm,a subject of the King of Hun ry, and a resi dent of the city of New Yogi1n the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Flying-Machines, of which the followingis a specification.

he present invention relates to flfiing me:- chines, and moreparticularly, to t. at type in which the means of sustentation andpropulsion consists of beating wings.

The main object of the invention is to m wide a machine of the characterspecified with at least two pairs of wings, the win of one pair alwaysworking in opposite ,1- rection in relation to the wings of the otherpair, whereby the safety of the machine is greatly increased.

other object of the invention is to pro vide a device which is light inweight, simple in construction, comparatively inexpensive tomanufacture, strong and durable.

A further object of the invention is to so mount the beating planes onthe frame of the machine that, m case of accident, at least one pairthereof will act as planes to permit a y'radual descent by gliding.

With these and other obgects in view, which will more fully appear asthe nature of the invention is better understood, the xame consists inthe combination, arrange merit, and construction of parts hereinafterdescribed, ointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, it being understood that many changes may be madein the size and proportion of the several parts and details ofconstruction within the scope of the zip-- pended claims' withoutdeparting from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of theinvention.

One of the many the invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a'side elevation of a flying machineconstructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a topplan view thereof; Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the some; Fig. 4 is asection taken on line H of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 is a portion of a sectiontaken on line 5--5 of'Fig. 4.

- the machine. power possiblecmbodiments of I rigidly attached to armsthe car or body of a flying machine, resembling that of a bird, havinlong streamlines, so as to present as litt e resistance to t e air aspossible, This body is mounted upon fro11t.whee1s 11 and rear wheels 12,for the well-known purpose. The front wheels 11 are mounted u on a shaft13, and are connected therewit by clutches 14 of any suitableconstruct-ion, suitable clutch engagin and disengaging means 15 beingprovi ed.

From the body or car of the machine rises, above the shaft 13 a. frame16 including side pieces 1?, that are united by a front piece 18 and arear piece 19, thusconstitut- :ing :1 Hide for a head 20. which is reciprooa 11;; mounted in the said frame. The head is reciprocal-ted fromthe shaft 13 in any suitable manner, for instance the said shaft may berovided with a crank 21, in engagement with the lower end of a colnectinrod 22, the upper end of which is pi'vote l connecting rod is made oftwo sections 24 and 25,

sections of the rod is made of a pin 26, which may be engaged with ordisengaged from the said two sections, at will.

Rotation is imparted to the shaft 13 from a motor (not shown?) in thecar or bod of sing transmitted .rom said shaft in any suitable Jlmnner'for instance to the shaft is fixedly attached a bevel gear 27. in meshwith a similar gear 28, the shaft 29 of which is driven from the motor.

The means of sustentation end propulsion consists of two pairs ofbeating wings. One pair of these wings, denoted by the numeral 30,swings around a substantially horizontal pivot-31 that is in parallelrelation to the longitudinal axis of the car or body of the flyingmachine, while the other air of wings, indicated at 32, swings aroun asubstantially horizontal pivot 33, that extends transversely of the saidear or body. The wings are disposed above the wings 82 at a distancethat they do not interfere with the operation thereof. The wings 80 are8i, through the-insaid. motor to the to a pin 23 on the said hend- Thefor a purpose hereinafter to be described. The connection between thetwo.

ner ends of which extends the pivot 31., the- 'a le means to the frame16. The lugs 36,

above referred to, extend in parallel relation to the pivot 31, and thelugs 39 in parallel relation to the pivot 33.

The steering means or rudders of the machine are disposed at thetail-end of the car or body 10, and comprises horizontal rudders 4:1 anda vertical rudder 42, which need no further detailed description, asthey do not form part of the present invention.

The 0 eration of this device is as follows :-I f it is intended to letthe machine run on the ground without actuating the sustcntation andpropulsion means thereof, the pin 26 is disenga ed from the connectingrod 22 and the clutc 16S Mactuated so as to connect the Wheels 11 withthe shaft 13. If now the motor of the machine is started, thesaidlwheels will be turned in the roper direction to propel the machineon t e ground.

Obviously suitable steering means must be provided for directing thecourse of the machine while on the ground.

When the two sections of the connecting rod are roperly connected andthe motor started, t e machine will be propelled on the ground and atthe same time the sustentation and, propulsion means actuated. Themachine will then rise from the ground after the horizontal rudders 41thereof are placed in proper position. The two pairs of wings areactuated by the reciprocating head 20 in the follo ing manner: The lugs36, coacting with \e sets of the arms 34 of the wings 30, move up anddown, thereby causing the said wingsto swing around their pivot 31; onthe other hand, the pivot 33 of the wings 32 moves up and down, wherebythe last-named wings are caused to swing around the said pivot by reasonof the slots 38 being in engagement with the lugs 39 above mentioned. Inthis manner the wings 30 move always in a direction opposite to that, ofthe wings 32, that is to say, when the wings 30 swing downward, thew1ngs'32 are caused to swing upward, and vice versa. In this manner thesafety of the machine is greatly increased, there being always one pairof wings which causes a ressure ofair to as one pair of the same swingsaround a.

downward. The two pairs 0 wings do not interfere with each other intheir operation,

same will always'aet as planes to provided with longitudinal slots pairof wings pivot that is disposed in parallel relation to the longitudinalaxis of the car or body, while the ivot of the other pair is disposedtransverse y thereto.

By reason of the fact that the wmgs operate in opposite directions, onepair of the amt a gradual descentby gliding in case t e motor gets outof order,

It is to be observed that, when in the air, the wheels 11 may be causedto come to a hers thereon from the clutch members cooperating therewithand fixedtothe shaft 13.

From the foregoing it appears that the machine is very simple inconstructitm, comparatively inexplensive to manufacture, and ma be verylig t in weight as the frame 16 an the head 20 ma be made of either very1i ht metal or wood at I claim is 1. In aafiying machine, thecombination with a car, pf a frame rising therefrom, a. headreciprocably mounted in said frame, a pivoted to said frame andoperatively connected with said head and a pair of wings pivoted tosaidhead and operatively connected with said frame.

2. In a flying machine, the combination with a car, of a framerisingtherefrom, a head reciprocably mounted in said frame, a pair ofwings pivoted to said frame standstill by disengaging the clutchmemvided with arms having longitudinal s ots, r

. lugs on said head seated in said slots, a pair oi wings pivoted tosaid head provided with arms havm longitudinal slots, and lugs fastenedto said frame and seated in the slots of said last-named arms.

3. In a flying machine, the combination l with a car, of a frame risingtherefrom, two

. pairs of wings mounted upon said frame,

head reciprocably, mounted in said framqjr pair of wings pivoted to saidframe and operatively connected with said heed, a pair of wings pivotedto sci end and operatively connected with said pivots of one pair ofsaid win being disposed in parallel relation to t e longitudinal axis ofthe car and the pivots of the other pair of wings at right angles tosaid first-named pivots. I

5. In a flying machine,th combination with a car, of a frame risin,therefrom, a head reciprocably' mounted in said frame. a pair of wingspivoted to said frame rovided with arms having longitudinal s ots.

me, the.

Iugspn said head seated in said slots; 0 pair aliel relation to thelongitudinal axis of the of W1 ivoted to said' head provided with carand the pivots of the other pair of wings arms vmg longitudinal slots,and in at right-angles to said first-named pivots.

fastened to said' frame and seated in t e Signed at New Yorkfi in thecounty of 10 5 slots of said last-named aims the pivots of New York andState of ew York.

one pair of said wings being disposed in par- JOSEPH PREATKA.

